Comparison of snag densities among regeneration treatments in mixed pine–hardwood forests

نویسندگان

  • Roger W. Perry
  • Ronald E. Thill
چکیده

Standing dead trees (snags) are an important component of forest ecosystems, providing foraging, nesting, and roosting substrate for a variety of vertebrates. We examined the effects of four forest regeneration treatments on residual snag density and compared those with densities found in unharvested, naturally regenerated forests (controls) during the second, fourth, and sixth year after timber harvest in mixed pine–hardwood forests of Arkansas and Oklahoma. Regeneration treatments were clearcut with snag creation, shelterwood, single-tree selection, and group selection. Density of large snags (≥25.0 cm DBH) differed only during the sixth year after harvest, with shelterwoods having a lower density of large snags (1.0 snags/ha) than the control or group selection stands (4.0 and 4.2 snags/ha, respectively). Density of small snags (10.0–24.9 cm DBH) mirrored residual basal area, with controls and group-selection stands having the greatest snag densities. Creation of snags in clearcuts by injection with herbicides caused initial snag density in these areas to be greater than other treatments, but density in clearcuts declined sharply by 6 years after harvest. In the absence of snag creation, treatments such as shelterwoods that remove most trees may have snag densities below that required to address some management objectives without additional snag creation. Résumé : Les arbresmorts sur pied (chicots) sont une composante importante des écosystèmes forestiers car ils servent de source de nourriture et de lieu de nidification et de repos pour de nombreux vertébrés. Nous avons étudié les effets de quatre traitements de régénération forestière sur la densité résiduelle de chicots et comparé ces résultats à la densité de forêts régénérées naturellement et non exploitées (témoins) au cours des deuxième, quatrième et sixième années après la coupe de forêtsmixtes de pins et de feuillus de l'Arkansas et de l'Oklahoma. Les traitements de régénération incluaient : une coupe à blanc avec création de chicots, une coupe progressive d'ensemencement, une coupe de jardinage par pied d'arbre et une coupe de jardinage par groupe. La densité de gros chicots (diamètre à hauteur de poitrine – DHP ≥ 25,0 cm) a été différente seulement pendant la sixième année après la coupe au cours de laquelle les coupes progressives contenaient une plus faible densité de gros chicots (1,0 chicot/ha) que les témoins et les coupes de jardinage par groupe (respectivement 4,0 et 4,2 chicots/ha). La densité de petits chicots (DHP = 10,0–24,9 cm) était proportionnelle à la surface terrière résiduelle, c'est-à-dire que les plus fortes densités étaient associées aux témoins et aux coupes de jardinage par groupe. La création de chicots dans les coupes à blanc par injection d'herbicides a initialement produit une plus grande densité de chicots que les autres traitements, mais elle avait fortement diminué 6 ans après la coupe. Sans création additionnelle de chicots, des traitements comme la coupe progressive, qui prélève la plupart des arbres, peuvent engendrer une densité de chicots sous le seuil visé par certains objectifs d'aménagement. [Traduit

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تاریخ انتشار 2013